Engineering & Science

Density Converter

Convert density between kilograms per cubic metre, grams per cubic centimetre, pounds per cubic foot and pounds per cubic inch. Density is mass per unit volume, and the metric units line up neatly — water is almost exactly 1 g/cm³, which is 1000 kg/m³. The imperial units are exact conversions from the metric base, derived from the defined pound and inch. This is the property that decides whether something floats, how much a volume of material weighs, and how buoyancy behaves.

How to use this tool

  1. Enter a density value.
  2. Choose the unit you are converting from.
  3. Choose the unit you want the answer in.
  4. Read the result, or use “show every equivalent unit” to compare all of them.
  5. Remember 1 g/cm³ = 1000 kg/m³, a handy check on metric conversions.

The formula

Density is mass per unit volume, with the SI base unit kilogram per cubic metre. The gram-per-cubic-centimetre unit is convenient because water is almost exactly 1 g/cm³.

base_kg/m³ = value × (kg/m³ per unit) result = base ÷ (kg/m³ per target)
kg/m³
SI base unit of density
g/cm³
Equals 1000 kg/m³; water ≈ 1 g/cm³

One gram per cubic centimetre is exactly 1000 kilograms per cubic metre, so converting between the metric density units is just a power of ten.

Worked examples

Water

Given
1 g/cm³
Result
1000 kg/m³

Water’s density is almost exactly 1 gram per cubic centimetre, which is 1000 kilograms per cubic metre.

Steel

Given
7.85 g/cm³
Result
≈ 490 lb/ft³

Structural steel is about 7850 kg/m³, which converts to roughly 490 pounds per cubic foot.

Aluminium

Given
2700 kg/m³
Result
≈ 2.7 g/cm³

Aluminium is about a third the density of steel, which is why it is favoured where weight matters.

Frequently asked questions

It is close to that by historical design: the gram was originally defined as the mass of one cubic centimetre of water near its densest point. Water’s density is about 0.9982 g/cm³ at 20 °C, so 1 g/cm³ is a good round approximation at everyday temperatures.

Specific gravity is a material’s density divided by the density of water, so it is a dimensionless ratio. Because water is about 1 g/cm³, a material’s specific gravity is numerically close to its density in g/cm³. Steel’s specific gravity of ~7.85 matches its 7.85 g/cm³.

An object floats in a fluid if its average density is less than the fluid’s. Ice (about 0.92 g/cm³) floats on water; steel sinks unless shaped to trap enough air to lower its average density, which is how ships float.

Yes. The pound and inch have exact metric definitions, so pounds per cubic foot and per cubic inch convert exactly from kg/m³. The tool preserves full precision internally and rounds only for display.

For most materials, yes — they expand slightly when heated, lowering density. The effect is small for solids and liquids over ordinary ranges but significant for gases. These conversions treat density as a given value; they do not model temperature.